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NORMS OF SERVICES:
Normative Range of Services at Different Levels
To develop the norms for clinical and diagnostic services to be provided at various levels of secondary level health care institutions i.e. CHCs, Sub-divisional hospitals, Area hospitals and District hospital, workshop was organized with participants of professionals working in these institutions. Based on the problems listed a matrix of normative range of services expected at each level has been arrived at. This will function as a benchmark and suggest as to the goals to be achieved by the end of project implementation |
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Medical and Pediatric Problems |
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Diseases of Central Nervous System |
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Diseases |
CHCs |
Sub-Div.Hospitals |
District Hospitals |
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(a) Coma/Cerebro Vascular Accident |
-To maintain vital signs & airway (Ambubag, Oxygen) -To exclude Diabetes & Renal failure -To provide facility of tracheostomy & Laryngoscope for incubation -To exclude head injury by doing x-ray skull. -To start medical decompression treatment. Anti-biotic and to treat case of poisoning if any. If coma does not improve case to be referred to district level hospital. |
-Same as CHC |
Carry on treatment and surgical decompression if required to investigate and confirm diagnosis of CV accident. Brain tumor be referred to tertiary level institution of indicated. |
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(b) Meningitis |
Initiate medical treatment and first aid refer to district hospital for further investigation. |
To do CSF examination, start treatment, if no improvement after 48 hours refer to district hospital. |
To do culture and sensitivity test, diagnose and treat |
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(c) Epilepsy |
Initiate medical treatment and first aid treatment, refer to district level hospital for further investigation. |
Same as CHC |
Manage, investigate, do EEG, refer to tertiary level institution for surgery if required. |
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(d)Polio and other Acute flaccid Paralysis. |
Intimate medical treatment maintain vital signs, remove discomfort, refer to district level hospital for CSF examination and stool culture. |
Same as CHC |
To treat and investigate | |
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Diseases |
CHCs |
Sub-Divisional Hospitals |
District Level Hospitals |
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Bronchial Asthma |
To initiate medical treatment if no relief send to district level for further investigation |
Same as CHC |
To investigate & treat |
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Upper Respiratory and Lower Respiratory Infection |
Initiate medical treatment & symptomatic treatment, observe for 48 hours, if no relief refer to district level hospital. |
Same as CHC |
To investigate & treat |
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Tuberculosis |
To investigate by sputum examination & x-ray chest, initiate antituberculosis treatment Review after 15 days, if no relief level health institution. |
Same as CHC |
To investigate & treat |
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Lung Cancer |
To initiate symptomatic treatment & other supportive therapy, refer to tertiary level health institution. |
Same as CHC |
Same as CHC & refer to tertiary level institute |
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Pleural Effusion |
Initiate symptomatic treatment, do x-ray chest & diagnostic tap, start treatment &refer to district hospital, to confirm diagnosis. |
Same as CHC |
To confirm the diagnosis start treatment, if malignant refer to tertiary level hospital. |
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Poisonous Gases Inhalation |
Start first aid treatment give respiratory support. |
Same as CHC |
Same as CHC |
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Foreign Body Inhalation |
Give first aid, refer to district level hospital where facility of Broncho Scopy is available. |
Same as CHC |
Same as CHC | |
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| Diseases |
CHCs |
Sub-Divisional Hospitals |
District Level Hospitals |
| Hypertension |
To initiate medical treatment of mild and moderate hypertension, refer to sub-divisional level hospital for treatment of accelerated hypertension. |
Investigate and treat |
Investigate and treat |
| Coronary Artery Diseases |
To initiate medical treatment On clinical suspicion of disease, refer to district hospital for TMT & other rests. |
Same as CHC |
Investigate & maintain therapy. Refer to tertiary level hospital for active intervention, if required (Coronary, Angiography, Angioplasty and By-pass surgery) |
| Myo-Cardial Infarction |
To initiate treatment by sedation, Vaso-dilator, thrombolytic therapy (Streptoknase). If within 24 hours there is no improvement or there is complication refer to sub-divisional level hospital. |
To manage Myo-Cardial Infarction, if evidence of heart block refer to district hospital for pace maker. |
To investigate and treat |
| Congestive Heart Failure |
Initiate treatment and observe, if decomposition persist refer to district hospital. |
Same as CHC |
To Investigate and treat |
| Acute Pulmonary Oedema/Cardiac
Asthma |
Initiate treatment with Broncho Dilator, Diuretics, Oxygen, if no improvement refer to district hospital. |
Same as CHC |
Investigate and treat |
| Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart disease |
Start initial medical treatment, refer to district level for confirmation of Diagnosis. |
Same as CHC |
Investigate and treat |
| Arrthymia |
Maintain vital sign and refer to sub-divisional hospital for Defibrillation. |
Medical treatment and Defibrillation. |
Medical treatment and Defibrillation. |
| Shock |
Initiate treatment maintain vital signs and functions, IV fluids, Oxygen and observe. If no improvement within reasonable time refer to district hospital. |
Same as CHC |
To investigate and treat | |
| Gastro Intestinal Diseases |
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Diseases |
CHCs |
Sub-Divisional Hospitals |
District Level hospitals |
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Diseases Intestinal Bleeding and Ulses |
Start medical treatment and supportive therapy. If No improvement within reasonable time refer to district level hospital for endoscopic investigation. |
Same as CHC |
Investigate and treat |
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Jaundice/ Hepatitis |
Clinically diagnose and initiate medical treatment, refer to district for investigation especially if patient is in Coma. |
Same as CHC |
Investigate and treat |
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Gastro Enteritis/ Dehydration |
Start oral Re- hydration therapy. Systemic anti-biotics if indicated Manage Gr 1 and Gr 2 Dehydration. If condition does not improve refer to district Hospital ( If there is suspicion of Cholera or other epidemic case. It be immediately referred to district Hospitals) |
Same as CHC |
Investigate and treat |
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Ameobic Infection |
Intestinal Infection to be investigated & treated, If suspicious of liver involvement refer to sub-Divisional Hospitals for Ultra Sound. |
Investigate and treat |
Investigate and treat | |
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System & Diseases |
CHCs |
Sub-Divisional Hospitals |
District Level hospitals |
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Urinary Tract Infection |
Initiate symptomatic Send to district Hospital for further investigation |
Same as CHC |
Investigate and treat |
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Haematuria |
Symptomatic treatment, alkaliser, pain reliever and investigate, if causes not identified refer to district Hospital. |
Same as CHC |
Investigate and treat |
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Acute Renal failure and chronic Renal Failure |
Maintain vital signs and refer to Dialysis unit. |
Same as CHC |
Investigate and treat in 3-4hospitals only. |
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Musculo- Skeletal |
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Arthritis |
Start Palliative therapy, refer to district Hospital for investigation and Physiotherapy. |
Same as CHC |
Investigate and treat Physiotherapy | |
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Hematology |
| Diseases |
CHCs |
Sub-Divisional Hospitals |
District Level hospitals |
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Anaemia/Infestation |
Treat Nutritional anaemia, treat worms, if no response refer to District Hospital for investigation |
Same as CHC |
Investigate and treat |
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Leukaemia and REsystem Disorder |
Give symptomatic treatment and refer to district Hospital for investigation |
Same as CHC |
Investigate and treat And refer to tertiary Level if needed. |
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Bleeding Disorder |
Treat Anaemia give Haemostatic agents refer to district Hospital for investigation. |
Same as CHC |
Investigate and treat
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| Diseases |
CHCs |
Sub-Divisional Hospitals |
District Level hospitals |
| Malaria |
Diagnose and treat Materia .In case complications develop or fever does not respond or G-GPD deficiency is suspected refer to district Hospital for investigation. |
Same as CHC |
Investigate and treat |
| STD |
Give treatment for the symptoms, if no response, refer to District Hospital. |
Same as CHC |
Investigate and treat |
| Leprosy |
Give treatment for the symptoms, if no response, refer to District Hospital for Investigation and treatment. |
Same as CHC |
Investigate and treat |
| HIV/AIDS |
All patients suspected of HIV infection should be referred to District Hospital for diagnosis or nearby HIV testing center. |
Same as CHC |
Investigate and diagnose. Manage as per NACO guidelines | |
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| Diseases |
CHC |
Sub-Divisional Hospitals |
District Level hospitals |
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Pleural Aspiration |
Do |
Same as CHC |
Do |
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Pericardial Tap |
No |
Same as CHC |
Do |
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Foreign body removal |
Do simple cases |
Same as CHC |
Do |
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Lumber Puncture |
Do |
Same as CHC |
Do |
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Malignancy |
Symptomatic treatment & refer |
Same as CHC |
Refer to Tertiary Level Hospital |
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Pemphigus |
Initiate treatment & refer |
Same as CHC |
Treat |
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Collagen Diseases |
Refer |
Same as CHC |
Investigate & treat |
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Skin Allergy |
Treat |
Same as CHC |
Investigate cause & treat Refer. |
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Sarcoidosis |
Refer |
Same as CHC |
Investigate & treat |
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Neoplasm |
Refer |
Same as CHC |
Investigate, treat & refer to Tertiary Level Hospital |
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Blood Safety for STD & HIV |
Refer |
Ensure |
Ensure |
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Cholecystitis |
Symptomatic treatment & refer |
Same as CHC |
Investigate & treat Including Laproscopic Cholecystectomy |
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Pancreatitis |
Symptomatic treatment& refer |
Same as CHC |
Investigate & manage (for therapeutic endoscopy or surgery, refer to tertiary level) |
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Cirrhosis |
Symptomatic treatment & refer |
Same as CHC |
Investigate & manage. Refer if complication |
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Abdominal Tapping |
Yes |
Same as CHC |
Yes |
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Congenital heart diseases |
Symptomatic treatment & refer |
Same as CHC |
Symptomatic treatment & refer to tertiary level |
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Head Injuries |
Initial treatment observe & refer if necessary |
Same as CHC |
Investigate & manage |
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CV Accidents |
Initial treatment observe & refer if necessary |
Same as CHC |
Investigate & manage | |
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(i)Psychotic Patients |
To start crisis management& refer to psychiatrist at district level hospital |
Same as CHC |
Treat |
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(ii) Depression & Allied Disorders |
Sedation treatment and refer to psychiatrist and follow up action on psychiatrist
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